Анотація
В даній роботі узагальнені результати досліджень гетерогенно-каталітичних процесів окиснення різних речовин як в продуктивному, так і екологічному каталізі, одержані в Інституті за 30-річний період, розглянуті питання синтезу ефективних каталізаторів для цих реакцій та розвитку нетрадиційних підходів до технології каталізаторів. Наведено результати досягнуті при дослідженні процесів парціального окиснення насичених вуглеводнів: метану, етану, пропану, бутану та пентану в цінні продукти органічного синтезу: формальдегід, етилен, пропілен, малеїновий та фталевий ангідриди. Розглянуто механізми перетворення парафінових вуглеводнів в цільові продукти. Продемонстровано підходи до синтезу ефективних каталізаторів цих процесів, які в більшості випадків базуються на використанні альтернативних методів приготування (механохімія, сонохімія, баротермальний синтез, іонна імплантація). Проведено співставлення одержаних результатів на нових синтезованих каталізаторах з відомими літературними аналогами. Показано, що в більшості випадків синтезовані в Інституті каталізатори перевищують по своїм показникам ці аналоги. Запропоновані нові схеми одержання малеїнового ангідриду з н-бутану, при підвищеній концентрації вуглеводню в реакційній суміші, та фталевого ангідриду при окисненні н-пентану.
Досліджено процес окиснення етанолу в оцтовий альдегід та розроблені ефективні каталізатори цього процесу, які по своїм показникам перевищують відомі аналоги.
Розглянуто синтез каталізаторів для процесів екологічного напрямку: окиснення Н2S, СО та СО в надлишку водню та показано, що розроблені каталізатори не поступаються відомим закордонним аналогам. Розглянуто результати досягнуті при синтезі каталізаторів для фотокаталітичних процесів, в тому числі нейтралізації медичних препаратів та гербіцидів у водному середовищі. Показано перспективність нетрадиційних підходів до синтезу цих каталітичних композицій. Показані перспективні напрямки досліджень окислювальних каталітичних процесів та застосування альтернативних методів до синтезу каталізаторів для їх реалізації.
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