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Kataliz ta naftohimia: 2020, Vol.29, 52-58.

https://doi.org/10.15407/kataliz2020.29.052

Hydrogenation of carbon dioxide as an alternative source of hydrocarbons

 

D.S. Kamensky, V.O. Yevdokymenko, T.V. Tkachenko, N.Y. Khimach, V.I. Kashkovsky

V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1, Murmanskaya str, Kyiv-94, 02094, Ukraine, +380 44 292 2980, +380 44 573 2552, e-mail: kam04@ukr.net, vay.77@ukr.net, ttv13ttv@gmail.com, himyla@gmail.com, kash54vik@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Nowadays, one of the most promising areas is the chemical utilization of carbon dioxide into chemical products and fuels. Carbon dioxide hydrogenation on catalytic composite membranes for obtai-ning lower hydrocarbons was studied. The developed membrane-catalytic composites are a combination of active catalytic and proton-conducting components deposited on a thermal- and chemical-resistant flexi-ble carrier – heat-resistant Kevlar fabric. As the proton-conducting component was the product of the oxidizing dehydropolycondensation of acetylene. In the assembling of active electrodes of the mem-brane composite standard widely applied industrial catalysts were used: platinum aluminium oxide (Pt/Al2O3), aluminium-nickel molybdenum (Ni/Mo/Al), platinum aluminium oxide with the addition of iron (Fe/Pt/Al2O3). Catalytic studies were carried out in a flow-type laboratory reactor, an internal vol-ume divided into two chambers by a composite catalytic membrane. The hydrogenation of carbon diox-ide was carried out in the temperature range of 150–300 0C and a pressure of 1.0 MPa and the molar ra-tio of the initial mixture n(CO2)/n(H2) = 1/1.18. The application of the "hydrogen pump’s" principle has allowed in 3-4 times to increase the activity of the membrane composite catalyst. It has been experimen-tally shown that the generation of proton flux through a membrane composite, depending on the selected catalytic component, allows the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to produce lower hydrocarbons from C1 to C5. The active catalytic component, which contains platinum or nickel, leads to the selective hy-drogenation of CO2 to methane with the possibility of increasing the carbon chain with the formation of alkanes. The iron-containing catalytic component allows the hyd-rogenation of carbon dioxide to me-thane with the possibility of increasing the carbon chain and the formation of alkenes

KEYWORDS

hydrogenation, carbon dioxide, catalytic composite membranes, hydrocarbons C1-C5, directional flow of hydrated protons

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