Abstract
The influence of mechanochemical (MChT) (for 4 h in air atmosphere) and ultrasonic (UST, sonochemical) treatment (for 2 hours in aqueous medium) on the physico-chemical properties of TiO2/SnO2 systems with a molar ratio of oxides of 1:1 was investigated. The anisotropic deformation of tin oxide and reduction of the crystallite size of initial oxides during the treatment of TiO2/SnO2=1:1 composition by X-ray diffraction meth-od was found. The results of particle size calculations showed that crystals with a size of about 20 nm are formed in the MChT process, while after UST this indicator slightly differs from the values for the initial sample and is more than 50 nm due to the increase in the specific surface area and pore volume. Analysis of the porous structure showed that during the mechano- and sonoactivation process, the specific surface area and pore volume increase by 2-4 times. Studies of the structure of the samples by the TEM method showed that in activa-tion process the formation of agglomerates which are consist from nanodispersed ring crystals with sizes of 15-20 nm after MChT and 40-50 nm after UST was observed. The catalytic properties of TiO2/SnO2=1:1 samples were tested in the reaction of selective ethanol oxidation. The results of studies on the example of a sonoactivated sample showed that ultrasonic treatment of the sample compared to the initial sample allows to in-crease the selectivity of acetic aldehyde at low temperatures (T < 185°C, S = 100%) and hydrogen at 360°C with a maximum selectivity of this product of 41%. The obtained data show an increase in the catalytic activity of the catalyst what leads to an increase in its productivity from 4 to 10 L/ kgcat × h. The formation of a complex composition of nanodispersed titanium and tin oxides due to mechanochemical and ultrasonic activation leads to an increase in its activity in the reaction of the photocatalytic decomposition of safranin Т dye aqueous solution. It was shown that the rate of dye degradation on the sonoactivated sample under the action of both visible and UV light is slightly higher than in the case of mechanochemical treatment.
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