Ключові слова
етанол
метанол, 1-бутанол, 2-етилгексанол, оксид магнію, оксид алюмінію
діоксид цирконію
гідроксиапатит, кислотно-основні характеристики
метанол, 1-бутанол, 2-етилгексанол, оксид магнію, оксид алюмінію
діоксид цирконію
гідроксиапатит, кислотно-основні характеристики
Як цитувати
Валігура, К., & Соловйов, С. (2020). Каталізатори парофазної конденсації С1-С4 спиртів з подовженням вуглецевого ланцюга. Каталіз та нафтохімія, (29), 32-51. https://doi.org/10.15407/kataliz2020.29.032
Анотація
Одним із перспективних напрямів досліджень в області хімії та хімічної технології є створення процесів отримання промислово важливих речовин з використанням відновлювальної сировини. С1-С4 спирти, отримані при переробленні нехарчової біосировини, можуть бути основою для виробництва ряду цінних сполук. Зокрема шляхом конденсації спиртів за Гербе, що полягає в подовженні вуглецевого ланцюга і передбачає проходження стадій дегідрування, альдольно-кротонової конденсації, гідрування та/або відновлення. Особливий інтерес викликає розроблення твердофазних каталізаторів для реалізації процесу конденсації С1-С4 спиртів в проточному режимі за атмосферного тиску з високою селективністю та виходом таких цільових продуктів як 1-пропанол, 1-бутанол, ізобутанол, 2-етилгексанол та інші спирти. Серед досліджених систем MgO, Mg-Al-оксиди, Zr-Ce(Y)-оксиди та гідроксиапатити здатні прискорювати конденсацію спиртів в температурному інтервалі 250÷450 °C. Каталітичні властивості цих композицій значно залежать від кислотно-основних характеристик їх поверхні. Регулюванням складу та співвідношення активних компонентів в каталізаторах можливо досягнути оптимального співвідношення поверхневих кислотних і основних центрів, що в результаті дозволяє підвищити вихід продуктів конденсації спиртів за Гербе. Тому визначення природи та кількості кислотно-основних центрів є необхідною умовою розроблення ефективних каталізаторів цільового процесу.
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